Shock-absorber



D. W. DURBIN.

SHOCK ABSORBER.'

APPLICATION FILED 00115, 1919.

Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

D. W. DURBIN.

SHOCK ABSORBER.v APPLICATION HLED 00T. 15. 1919.'

1 35 1 558 v Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IIA

INVENTOR.

.770 all whom t may concern.' i'

UNITED STATESIFPATENT oFFlcE.

:DAVID w. DURBIN, or BRIDGEvILLn, PENNSYLVANIA.

ik sHocKp-ABSQRBER.

Be it known that I, DAVID construction .which may be produced at low cost and may be readily applied. A further object is to provide means kfor presenting Luniformly increased resistance to movement of the automobile body vertically in either direction beyond its normal position so as to absorb shocks while preventing sudden checking of the movement. Further obJects will appear from the detailed description.

Figure 1 isa side view of a shock absorber illustrating the preferred method of install ing same upon an automobile.

Fig. 2 is a central verticalsectional view through the shock absorber.'y

Fig. 3 is a similar View of a modifiedform. 'Fig 4 is a side view illustratinganother method of installing the shock absorber upon an automobile. s

Fig. 5 is a central vertical sectional view throughthe type of shock absorberusedin installation shown in Fig. 4.

. Fio'. 6 is a similar view of a modified form f applibcable in installation shown inv Fig.v 4, also. y v n rlhe shock absorber is provided with a cylindrical body 1 the ends ofy which are closed by removable heads Zand 3 provided' with drain and filling `openings, closed by screw plugs 4 and 5, respectively. y,Upper head 3 is provided with a centrally. bored and exteriorly threaded nipple 6 which cooperates with a flanged nut 7 to provide ak packing gland for a piston rod 8 extending into the body axially thereof, this 'rod being provided at its upper endk with anattaching eye 8a. In Fig. 1, I have illustrated the shock absorber applied by attaching eye 8' to a bracket 9 secured to thek end'of sill bar a of an automobile, the body being rockably supported for movement about an axis eX- tending transversely ofthe frame by Ya.y

y W. DURBIN, l citizen of the United States, fresidingjsat ySpecicaton of Letterslliatent. ik Ptni-,ed Aug. 31., 19270. Application 'filed october 15, 1919.- `:seriai No. 330,902.

l bracketilO secured to the outer end of spring ZJ; ybut it will be understood that this de-v vice may be applied in any 'other suitable manner preferred. l

A liner 11 is positionedwithin body l, this liner consisting of two sections A12a'nd 13 secured'together at their innerends by a screwvjoint 14 or in any other suitable manner. -These sections are provided at their outer ends with outer annular flanges 15, and the upper section is provided at its inner end with a similar'lange 16 which forms an element'of the screw joint, all of these l flanges coperating to properly center the liner Within the casing or body -1.

The upper section ofthe liner is provided 4with a borer tapering toward the outer end thereof, whereas'the lower half of the lining is also provided with a similar bore of equalv length and diameters but is then continued f or lower extreme positions of the piston, it

will be butminutelyy greater in diamter than lstraight downwardto provide sufficient the piston, for the purpose of elin'iinatingA y all possibilitiesy of thek piston and liner j amming together.

, Thepurp'oseofthevcoil spring 18V is to carry the permanent load whichwould correspond to the car spring'at the point of ap-ly plication of the shock absorber, and it is 'so dimensioned that under' normal load and` smooth roads the piston ispositioned cen` trally,or nearly, so thatfis at' the point of greatest bore of the liner. Upon relative movement between the piston and liner in either direction, dueto shocks, y"the space about the /ballthrough which the oil, or other suitable liquidwith whichthe liner is filled,

willvbe uniformly decreased as the piston approaches either end of the liner. In this manner uniform increasing fluid resistance is applied to movementy of the vehicle body which serves to gradually'check and stop this movementV thus absorbing all shocks and prevehicle. Asthe piston does not come into -venting rebound ofthe body while also avoidingv undesirable abrupt stopping` or* checking of' movement of ythe body of the 110 f i wear are reduced to a minimum .this securing maximum efficiency. Also, by using a ball shaped piston it Vwill be noticed that the pressure uponthe piston will at all time be perfectly balanced, thus eliminating all' possibilities of causing distorting strains upon the piston rod, thereby insuring a permanentlyV straight rod and consequently less wear on the stuffing boX.

Inthe form illustrated in Fig. 3, the liner is omitted, the piston operating in the body or casting l which is of uniform interior diameter. In this case, the piston is of slightly less diameter than the bore of the casing so as to permit the oil to flow slowly about the piston upon movement of the same inV either direction. This is intended as a simple form, ofv shock absorber which may be made at a low cost, and is very efficient.

In cases where the absorber is mounted on an automobile, independently of' the car springs, as shown in Fig. et, it will not be necessary to useY the inner coil spring 18 y lower cost, while still embodying the principal features of the preferred design.

As will be readily understood,.it may be founddesi-rable inspracti'ce to resort to modificationslin the construction of the device and I do, not, therefore, wish to limit myself tothe precise forms` described andA illustratedexcept in so far as I maybe limited by the appended claims.

s `That I vclaim is:

l. Ina shockabsorber, a cylinder havingy abore tapering toward each end, a piston of less diameter than the smallest diameter of said bore operable therein, a piston rod opl erable throughone end of the cylinder and secured to said piston.

2, In a shock absorber, va cylinder having a bore tapering,toward-eachend, a piston of less diameter than the smallest diameter of said bore'operable therein, a piston rod operable through one rendof the cylinder and secured to said piston, and a coil spring guided by a washer secured to said rod and below said piston.

3. In a shock absorber, a cylinder having a bore tapering toward each end, a piston rod slid'able through one end of the cylinder centrally thereof, a ball piston operable in the cylinder secured on said rod and of less diameter than the smallest diameter of the bore of the cylinder, a coil spring located below said piston and means for guiding said coi-l spring el. In a shock absorber, a cylinder removable headsV closing the ends of said cylinder, a removable liner fitting within the cylinder and having a, bore tapering from its center toward. each end, a rod slidable through one of saidV heads centrally thereof, a piston secured on said rod and operable in the liner,

' saidV piston being of less diameter than the smallest diameter of the bore of. the liner, a coil spring located below said piston and means for guiding said coil spring.

5. In a shock absorber, a cylinder, removable heads closing the ends of the cylinder, a liner removably mounted in the cylinder consisting of two sections detacliably secured together at their ends and each having a bore tapering fromits inner end, a rod slidable through one' of said heads, and a spherical piston secured on said rod and operable in the bore of the liner, said piston corresponding approximately in diameter to the diameter of the liner bore at the points corresponding to the upper and lower extreme positions ofthe piston in said liner.

6. In a shock absorber, a cylinder, removable headsclosing the ends of the cylinder, a liner removably mounted in the cylinder consisting ofy two sections, detachably secured together at their inner ends, ther up-V per' section having a bore tapering from its inner end, the lower section having a similar tapering bore and in addition a straight bore in its lower end, a rod sl'id'able through one of saidr heads, a spherical piston secured on said rodand operable in the bore of the liner, said-piston having a diameter approximately equal to that of the liner at the points corresponding to the upper and lower extreme ypositions of said piston, a coil spring located below said piston and means for guidi-ng said spring axially relatively to said rod.

In? testimony whereof I'aiiix my signature.

DAVID IV. DURBIN. 

